OPEN ACCESS
The knowledge of the maximum water depths associated with dam-break floods is crucial for the population early warning and evacuation plan design, minimizing the losses due to dam failures. This paper presents an experimental dam-break flood propagation study performed in a physical model and a two-dimensional numerical model suitable to simulate flow propagation on complex topography. First, the numerical model and the physical model of the River Arade valley, located in the south of Portugal (Algarve), are described. A comparison between computed results and measured data is undertaken and uncertainty in the numerical model predictions is analysed.
Dam-break, flood wave, physical model, two-dimensional numerical model
[1] Escande, L., Jougaro, F., Castex, L. & Barthet, H. The infl uence of certain parameters on a sudden fl ood wave downstream from a dam. La Houille Blanche, 5, pp. 565–575, 1961. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1961043
[2] Hervouet, J.M. & Petitjean, A. Malpasset dam break revisited with two-dimensional computations. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 37(6), pp. 777–788, 1999. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221689909498511
[3] CADAM. Concerted action on dam break modelling. Proceedings. of the Zaragoza Meeting, Zaragoza, Spain, European Commission, Brussels, Belgium, November 18–19, 1999-a.
[4] Collins, A.R., The origins and design of the attack on the German dams. Proceedings. –The Institution of Civil Engineers, Part 2. Research and Theory, 73, pp. 383–405, 1982. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/iicep.1982.1707
[5] Estrela, T., Hydraulic modelling of the Tous dam break. Proceedings of the 4th CADAM Meeting, Spain, November, 1999.
[6] Impact. Investigation of extreme fl oods processes and uncertainty. E.C. Research Project reference No. EVG1-CT2001-00037, available at www-impact-project.net, 2001–2004.
[7] Soares Frazão, S. & Testa, G., Concerted action on dam break modelling. Proceedings of the 3rd CADAM Meeting – The Toce River Test Case, Milan, Italy, May, 1999.
[8] Ying, X. & Wang, S.Y., Modeling fl ood inundation due to dam and levee breach. Proceedings of the US-China Workshop on Advanced Computational Modelling in Hydroscience & Engineering, Oxford, Mississippi, USA, September 19–21, 2005.
[9] Prestininzi, P., Suitability of the diffusive model for dam-break simulation: application to a CADAM experiment. Journal of Hydrology, 361, pp. 172–185, 2008. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.07.050
[10] Viseu, T., Dams and Safety of Downstream Valleys. Development of Risk Management Support Methodologies (in Portuguese). PhD Thesis, Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal, January, 2006.
[11] Palma, J.C.P., System for fl ow control in Arade river physical model (in portuguese). National Laboratory of Civil Engineering Report nº 315/99, Lisbon, Portugal, dezembro, 1999.
[12] Martins, R. & Viseu, T., Estudo em modelo hidráulico do descarregador de cheias da barragem de Abrilongo. Relatório LNEC, 331(98), pp. 3–4, 1998.
[13] Viseu, T., Almeida, A.B. & Franco, A.B., River Arade physical model: a tool to validate dam-break fl ood simulation numerical models. Proceedings. of the 2nd International Symposium Preventing and Fighting Hydrological Disasters, Timisoara, Romany, July, 2006.
[14] Viseu, T. & Almeida, A.B., Flood risk assessment in dam’s downstream valleys: an approach for safety using numerical and physical models. Proceedings do 75th Annual Meeting of the ICOLD Symposium Dam Safety Management, Role of State, Private Companies and Public in designing, constructing and operating of large dams, S. Petersburg, Russia, June, 2007.
[15] Boss DAMBRK. User´s Manual, Boss Corporation: Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 6.11–6.25, 1991.
[16] Alcrudo, F., Esquemas de Alta Resolution de Variacion Total Decresciente para el Estudio de Flujos Discontinuos de Superfi cie Libre (High Resolution TVD Schemes for Free-Surface Discontinuous Flows). PhD Thesis. University of Zaragoza, Spain, 1992.
[17] Alcrudo, F. & Garcia-Navarro, P., Computing two dimensional fl ood propagation with a high resolution extension of MacCormack method. Proceedings of the specialist conference on Modeling of fl ood propagation over initially dry areas, Milan, Italy, 3–17, 1994.
[18] Franco, A.B., Computational and Experimental Simulation of Flows Induced by Dam-Break (in portuguese). PhD Thesis, Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal, 1996.
[19] Roe, P.L., Approximate Riemann solvers, parameter vectores and difference schemes. Journal of Computational Physics, 43, pp. 357–372, 1981. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(81)90128-5
[20] Van Leer, B., Towards the ultimate conservative difference scheme, V. A second order sequel to Godunov’s method. Journal of Computational Physics, 32, pp. 101–136, 1979. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(79)90145-1
[21] Harten, A. & Hyman, P., Self-adjusting grid methods for one dimensional hyperbolic conservation laws. Journal of Computational Physics, 50, pp. 235–269, 1983. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(83)90066-9
[22] Fennema, R.J. & Chaudry, M.H., Explicit methods for 2-D transient free-surface fl ows. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (ASCE), 116(8), pp. 1013–1034, 1990. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1990)116:8(1013)
[23] CADAM. Concerted action on dam break modelling. Proceedings of the Milano Meeting, Enel, Ricerca Polo Idraulico e Strutturale, Milano, Italy, May 6–7, 1999-b.