Hybrid Transmissions for the Optimisation of the Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines

Hybrid Transmissions for the Optimisation of the Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines

F. Concli C. Nezzi

Free University of Bolzano/Bozen, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bolzano, Italy

Page: 
321-329
|
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V4-N4-321-329
Received: 
N/A
|
Revised: 
N/A
|
Accepted: 
N/A
|
Available online: 
N/A
| Citation

© 2020 IIETA. This article is published by IIETA and is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

OPEN ACCESS

Abstract: 

Eco-friendly technologies, such as renewable energies, represent the future. The field of automotive is moving in this direction as well, especially with the introduction of hybridisation to reduce fuel consumptions. This paper presents a methodology aimed to optimise the internal combustion engine (ICE) efficiency with a new concept of continuously variable transmission (CVT). The starting point of the research is the investigation of the fuel consumption of a representative powertrain in different driving cycles; numerical simulations provides detailed information about fuel efficiency in the case of real and ideal ICE working conditions (manual transmission vs. ideal CVT). End scope of the work is to explore the possible optimisation of the ICE consumptions, aiming at the achievement of a reduction of the pollutant emissions and an increase of its efficiency by means of innovative system architectures.

Keywords: 

CVT, driving cycle, efficiency, fuel consumption, hybrid transmissions, ICE, optimisation

  References

[1] Tianze ShiFuquan ZhaoHan HaoZongwei Liu, “Development Trends of Transmissions for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using an Optimized Energy Management Strategy,” Automot. Innov., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 291–299, 2018.

[2] J. Ruan, Q. Song, and W. Yang, “The application of hybrid energy storage system with electrified continuously variable transmission in battery electric vehicle,” Energy, vol. 183, pp. 315–330, 2019.

[3] N. H. Truong, “The research and calculation for the selection of motor and battery for five seat passenger car when replacing engine by an electric motor,” Lect. Notes Networks Syst., vol. 104, pp. 710–719, 2020.

[4] F. Van Der Sluis, L. Romers, G.-J. Van Spijk, and I. Hupkes, “CVT, Promising Solutions for Electrification,” SAE Tech. Pap., vol. 2019-June, no. June, 2019.

[5] M. Yao, D. Qin, X. Zhou, S. Zhan, and Y. Zeng, “Integrated optimal control of transmission ratio and power split ratio for a CVT-based plug-in hybrid electric vehicle,” Mech. Mach. Theory, vol. 136, pp. 52–71, 2019.

[6] F. Bottiglione and G. Mantriota, “Power Flows and Efficiency of Output Compound e-CVT,” Int. J. Veh. Technol., vol. 2015, 2015.

[7] “E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2/Add.100/Rev.3.”

[8] Stephen E. Plotkin, “Examining Fuel Economy and Carbon Standards for Light Vehicles. Discussion Paper No. 2007-1,” JTRC, 2007.

[9] C. of the E. Communities, “Regulation (EEC) no 4064/89 merger procedure,” 1999.

[10] “www.fiat.com.”

[11] “www.fcagroup.com.”

[12] C. Budinger, M., Hazyuk, I., Coic, Multi-Physics Modeling of Technological Systems. 2019.

[13] F. Concli et al., “Load independent power losses of ordinary gears: Numerical and experimental analysis,” in 5th World Tribology Congress, WTC 2013, 2013, vol. 2.

[14] F. Concli, “Thermal and efficiency characterization of a low-backlash planetary gearbox: An integrated numerical-analytical prediction model and its experimental validation,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J J. Eng. Tribol., vol. 230, no. 8, 2016.

[15] F. Concli and C. Gorla, “Analysis of the oil squeezing power losses of a spur gear pair by mean of CFD simulations,” in ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, ESDA 2012, 2012, vol. 2.

[16] G. C. Concli F., “Influence of lubricant temperature, lubricant level and rotational speed on the churning power loss in an industrial planetary speed reducer: computational and experimental study,” Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 353–366, 2013.

[17] F. Concli, “Low-loss gears precision planetary gearboxes: reduction of the load dependent power losses and efficiency estimation through a hybrid analytical-numerical optimization tool,” Forsch. im Ingenieurwesen/Engineering Res., 2017.

[18] F. Concli and C. Gorla, “CFD simulation of power losses and lubricant flows in gearboxes,” in American Gear Manufacturers Association Fall Technical Meeting 2017, 2017, vol. 2017-Janua.

[19] United States Environmental Protection Agency, “Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Testing.”

[20] “The US EPA NYCC test was developed for chassis dynamometer testing of light-duty vehicles,” CFR, vol. 40, no. 86.

[21] U. E. P. Agency, “EPA Federal Test Procedure FTP-75.” 2008.

[22] Vehicle Certification Agency, “Worldwide Harmonised Light vehicles Test Cycle.”