Competitiveness of New Outdoor Tourist Areas: A Case Study of the Residential Region of a Minority Group

Competitiveness of New Outdoor Tourist Areas: A Case Study of the Residential Region of a Minority Group

C. Vassiliadis
T.A. Fotiadis
S. Vassiliadis

Department of Business Administration, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Department of Technology Management, University of Macedonia, Naousa, Greece.

Regional Development Planning Office of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Komotini, Greece.

Page: 
214-225
|
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.2495/SDP-V1-N2-214-225
Received: 
N/A
| |
Accepted: 
N/A
| | Citation

OPEN ACCESS

Abstract: 

This paper presents certain aspects of modern tourism management of outdoor destinations. Destination management now includes programmes that reinforce the competitive capabilities of a destination by taking into consideration both the demand and the supply sides of tourist services. After a brief description of pertinent international examples, a case study of a potential tourist region in Greece is presented, with particular emphasis on the perspectives of a resident religious minority. The paper emphasizes community involvement in planning practices, and how this can influence sustainable tourism development in association with local and regional government authorities.

Keywords: 

case study analysis, community involvement, competitiveness of new outdoors tourist areas, Greece, internal image analysis, minorities and tourism development, sustainable destination management

  References

[1] Sirgy, M.J. & Su, C., Destination image, self-congruity, and travel behavior: toward an integrative model. Journal of Travel Research, 38(4), pp. 340–352, 2000.

[2] Vavrik, U. & Mazanec, J.A., A priori and posteriori travel market segmentation: tailoring automatic interaction detection and cluster analysis for tourism marketing. Cahiers du Tourisme, Serie C, Nr. 62, June 1990.

[3] Krippendorf, J., Marketing et Tourisme, No. 7, Berne, 1971.

[4] Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V.A. & Berry, L.L., A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research. Journal of Marketing, 49, pp. 41–50, 1985.

[5] Wheeler, M., Tourism marketers in local government. Annals of Tourism Research, 20(2), pp. 354–356, 1993.

[6] Keyser, R.D. &Vanhove, N., Tourism quality plan: an effective tourism policy tool. The Tourist Review, 3, pp. 3–9, 1997.

[7] Grönroos, C., Service Management and Marketing; A Customer Relationship Management Approach, 2nd edn, Wiley: UK, pp. 294–295, 2000.

[8] Hassan,S.S.,Determinantsofmarketcompetitivenessinanenvironmentallysustainabletourism industry. Journal of Travel Research, 38, pp. 239–245, 2000.

[9] McCool, S.F., Moisey, R.N. & Nickerson, N.P., What should tourism sustain? The disconnect with industry perceptions of useful indications. Journal of Travel Research, 40, pp. 124–131, 2001.

[10] Simpson, R., Sustainable tourism for Europe’s protected areas—guidelines and ways forward. Revue de Tourisme, 48(3), pp. 3–7, 1993.

[11] Sovis, W., Die Entwicklung von Leitbildern als strategische Analyse- und Planungsmethode des touristischen Managements (in German). Strategisches Management im Tourismus: Planungsinstrumente fur Tourismusorganizationen, ed. A. Zins, Springer: Vienna, Austria, pp. 31–66, 1993.

[12] Lankford, S.V. & Howard, D.R., Developing a Tourism Impact Attitude Scale. Annals of Tourism Research, 21, pp. 121–139, 1994.

[13] Murphy, P.E., Community driven tourism planning. Tourism Management, 9, pp. 96–104, 1988. 

[14] Menning, N.L., Traffic and tourism in the Bitterroot: tourism promotion, development and management. Montana Business Quarterly, 33(2), pp. 2–7, 1995.

[15] Moscovici, S., On Social Representations in Social Cognition: Perspectives on Everyday Understanding, ed. J.P. Forgas, Academic Press: London, pp. 181–209, 1981.

[16] Middleton, V.T.C., The marketing and management of tourism destinations: research directions for the next decade. Tourism Research: Achievements, Failures and Unresolved Puzzles, Vol. 36, Publication de l’AIEST—Association Internationale d’Experts Scientifiques du Tourisme, AIEST: St. Gall, Suisse, 1994.

[17] Langer, G., Strategieentscheidungen in Tourismusorganisationen (in German). Strategisches Management im Tourismus: Planungsinstrumente fur Tourismusorganizationen, ed. A. Zins, Springer: Austria, pp. 11–30, 1993.

[18] Valls, J.F. & Porta, F., Sustainable tourism and economy; territory and heritage. Revue de Tourisme, 52(1), pp. 3–9, 1997.

[19] Morrison, A.M., Hospitality and Travel Marketing, Delmar: Albany, NY, 1989.

[20] Sandiford, P.J. & Ap, J., The role of ethnographic techniques in tourism planning. Journal of Travel Research, 37(1), pp. 3–12, 1998.

[21] Fetterman,D.M.,Ethnography.HandbookofAppliedSocialResearchMethods,eds.L.Bickman & D.J. Rog, SAGE Publications: USA, pp. 473–504, 1998.

[22] Pearce, D., Planning for tourism in the 1990s—an integrated, dynamic, multiscale approach, Change in Tourism People Places Processes, eds. R. Butler & D. Pearce, Routledge: London, pp. 229–244, 1995.

[23] Jurowski, C., Uysal, M. & Williams, D.R., A theoretical analysis of host community resident reactions to tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 36(2), pp. 3–11, 1997.

[24] Moscovici, S., Notes towards a description of social representations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18, pp. 211–250, 1988.

[25] Moscovici, S., Social Psychology and Developmental Psychology. Extending the Development of Knowledge, eds. G. Duveen & B. Lloyd, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, pp. 164– 185, 1990.

[26] Milgram, S., Cities as social representations. Social Representations, eds. R.M. Farr & S. Moscovici, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, pp. 289–309, 1984. [27] Urry, J., The Tourist Gaze, Sage: London, 1990.

[28] Evans, M.R. & Chon, K.S., Formulating and evaluating tourism policy using importance— performance analysis. Hospitality Education and Research Journal, 13, pp. 203–213, 1989.

[29] Selby, M. & Morgan, N., Reconstruing place image—a case study of its role in destination market research. Tourism Management, 17(4), pp. 287–294, 1996.

[30] Baloglu, S. & Mangaloglu, M., Tourism destination images of Turkey, Egypt, Greece and Italy as perceived by US-based tour operators and travel agents. Tourism Management, 22, pp. 1–9, 2001.

[31] Waitt, G., Marketing Korea as an international tourist destination. Tourism Management, 17(2), pp. 113–121, 1996.

[32] Chaudhary, M., India’s image as a tourist destination—a perspective of foreign tourists.Tourism Management, 21, pp. 293–297, 2000.

[33] Kozak, M. & Remmington, M., Measuring tourist destination competitiveness: conceptual considerations and empirical findings. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 18, pp. 273–283, 1999.

[34] Crompton, J.L. & Ap, J., Developing and testing of Tourism Impact Scale. Journal of Travel Research, 37(2), pp. 120–130, 1998.

[35] Mountain Forum, A Global Network for Mountain Communities, Environments, and Sustainable Development, http://www.mtnforum.org, 2005.

[36] Eccles,G.,Marketing,sustainabledevelopmentandinternationaltourism.InternationalJournal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7, pp. 20–26, 1995.

[37] ECOSERT, European Cooperation for Sustainable Environmental Regional Development through Tourism, http://www.ecosert.org, 2005.

[38] Tosun, C., Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries. Tourism Management, 21, pp. 613–633, 2000.

[39] Tomljenovic, R. & Faulkner, B., Tourism and older residents in a Sunbelt resort. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(1), pp. 93–114, 2000.

[40] Kneafsey,M.,Ruralculturaleconomy—tourismandsocialrelations.AnnalsofTourismResearch, 28(3), pp. 762–783, 2001.

[41] Saveriades, A., Establishing the social carrying capacity for the tourist resorts of the east coast of the Republic of Cyprus. Tourism Management, 21, pp. 147–156, 2000.

[42] Palmer, A., Evaluating the governance style of marketing groups. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(1), pp. 185–201, 1998.

[43] Brunt, P. & Courtney, P., Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts.Annals ofTourism Research, 26(3), pp. 493–515, 1999.

[44] Madrigal, R., Residents’ perceptions and the role of government. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(1), pp. 86–102, 1995.

[45] Baloglu, S. & McCleary, K.W., A model of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4), pp. 868–897, 1999.

[46] MacKay, K.J. & Fesenmaier, D.R., Pictorial element of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(3), pp. 537–565, 1997.

[47] Dahles, H., Redefining Amsterdam as a tourist destination. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(1), pp. 55–69, 1998.

[48] Carey, S., Gountas, Y. & Gilbert, D., Tour operators and destination sustainability. Tourism Management, 18(7), pp. 425–431, 1997.

[49] Buhalis, D., Marketing the competitive destination of the future. Tourism Management, 21, pp. 97–116, 2000.

[50] Jamal, T.B. & Getz, D., Collaboration theory and community tourism planning. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(1), pp. 186–204, 1995.

[51] Gunn, C.A., Vacationscape—Designing Tourist Regions, 2nd edn, VNR Company: New York, 1988.

[52] Pearce, P.L., Moscardo, G. & Ross, G.F., Tourism Community Relationships, Pergamon: UK, 1996.