Water Retention Measures – Case Study from Slovakia

Water Retention Measures – Case Study from Slovakia

Martina Zeleňáková Maria Manuela Portela Petr Hluštík

Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia

Department of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Institute of Municipal Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology, AdMaS centre, Brno, Czech Republic

Page: 
213–220
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DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N3-213-220
Received: 
N/A
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Revised: 
N/A
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Accepted: 
N/A
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Available online: 
N/A
| Citation

OPEN ACCESS

Abstract: 

Water retention measures are multi-functional measures that aim to protect water resources using natural means and processes. These measures can contribute to reducing the risk of floods and water scarcity and drought while also improving the status of surface and ground water bodies. Water retention measures can support the achievement of the goals of a range of EU policies, including those for surface water, groundwater and coastal management, nature conservation, agriculture, forestry, urban water manage- ment, disaster risk management, green growth and climate change mitigation and adaptation. This article presents water retention measures suitable for application in urban areas. Infiltration of rainwater, taking into account the suitability of local conditions, appears to be the most environmentally suitable solution of rainwater drainage. The connection of conventional method of draining rainwater through sewer systems and infiltration of rainwater appears to be the most suitable drainage concept for sustainable cities. Water retention measures are multi-functional measures that aim to protect water resources using natural means and processes. These measures can contribute to reducing the risk of floods and water scarcity and drought while also improving the status of surface and ground water bodies. Water retention measures can support the achievement of the goals of a range of EU policies, including those for surface water, groundwater and coastal management, nature conservation, agriculture, forestry, urban water manage- ment, disaster risk management, green growth and climate change mitigation and adaptation. This article presents water retention measures suitable for application in urban areas. Infiltration of rainwater, taking into account the suitability of local conditions, appears to be the most environmentally suitable solution of rainwater drainage. The connection of conventional method of draining rainwater through sewer systems and infiltration of rainwater appears to be the most suitable drainage concept for sustainable cities. 

Keywords: 

infiltration, rainwater management, urban areas

  References

[1] European Union, EU Policy Document on Natural Water Retention Measures. By the drafting team of the WFD CIS Working Group Programme of Measures (WG PoM), Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2014.

[2] NWRM project, Concept Note: Natural Water Retention Measures (NWRM) and the WFD and Other Daughter Directives, available at http://www.nwrm.eu, January 2014 (accessed 14 November 2017).

[3] European Union, Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities L 327/1.

[4] European Union, Directive 2007/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2007 on the assessment and management of flood risks. Official Journal of the European Communities L 327/1.

[5] Markovič, G., Zeleňáková, M., Káposztásová, D. & Hudáková, G., Rainwater infiltration in the urban areas. Environmental Impact 2, ed. G. Passerini & C.A. Brebbia, WITT Press: Southampton, Vol. 181, pp. 313–320, 2014.

[6] Standard DWA-A 138E, Planning, Construction and Operation of Facilities for the Percolation of Precipitation Water, 2005.

[7] Macurová, M., Rainwater Management in Urban Areas (in Slovak). Thesis. Technical University Kosice, Bratislava, 2012.

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