Thung Luang Rangsit Pathum Thani Province's Cultural Heritage Map of the 100th Anniversary Temple, Thailand

Cultural Route of World Heritage Sites UNESCO in Southeast Asia retains its identity. Every place has a fascinating history worth learning and exploring a World Heritage site [1]. Experience the grandeur, beauty, history, and culture. Near Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani was once Southeast Asia's most prosperous and wealthy capital. It is a substantial commercial and economic center. Many important historical sites include mosques, churches, shrines, and temples. All of which show evidence of the history and glorious civilization of Pathum Thani in the past. Pathum Thani Province has a traditional ethnic group consisting of the original Thai people living in the area and the Mon people who migrated. According to historical evidence, Mon people immigrated to Thailand during the Ayutthaya period. During the reign of King Maha Thammaracha, 1569 to 1590, later under the control of King Narai the Great Around the year 1659, he ordered the Mon people to settle in Sam Khok, a small town located along the Chao Phraya River. Samkhok City, in the past, has become a reflection of Pathum Thani Province. Therefore, the culture of the Pathum Thani people is diverse. Both the culture of the traditional Thai people living in the area. And the culture of the Mon people who immigrated, Including the cultural mix of both races [2]. The Mon people migrated to Burma in 1774, known as Krua Phraya Jeng or Old Mon with Phraya Jeng and Phraya Klang Muang, during the Thonburi period in the realm of King Taksin the Great. Approximately 30,000 Mon people fled from Burma to rely on King Taksin the Great, along with the Mon people, who the Burmese forcibly abducted after the second fall of the capital. His Majesty set up houses in Samkhok City again by calling the Mon people who immigrated this time "Old Mon" [3] during the Rattanakosin period. The reign of King Rama II, 1815, was the largest migration of the Mon community. Who called themselves "Mai Mon," emigrated from Burma to listen to King Rama 2. He graciously Set up houses in Sam Khok City, Nonthaburi City, and Nakhon Khuean Khan City [4]. They found evidence, whether it is a temple, a stove, a jar, an Ang Tum Sam Khok, a rice cooker, a Mon brick, and pottery. It also includes activities of lifestyle. The Mon people's customs came to Thailand from Burma, where the king protected them for centuries. With permission to settle in Pathum Thani Province. As a result, Pathum Thani province has activities related to the Mon, such as cooking Kao-Chae and stirring Khao Thip. In addition, the tourist attractions of Pathum Thani also have religious places and temples. Showing traces of local cultural heritage reflects the Mon people's history and way of life [5].

The research team realized the importance of this. Because of this, spreading the word about the 100-year-old temple in Thung Luang Rangsit, Pathum Thani, will serve as a mechanism to preserve the city's traditional community and cultural legacy, all while allowing for sustainable urban development [6]. The project's goal and focus are to examine, inventory, and identify the structures in conventional residential areas. They define the position, coordinates, architectural style, and historical significance of the source or region. Activities that are economically and socially beneficial to the city's cultural heritage. Through the participation of various local groups, bringing information to systematize cultural heritage sites, including recording as a document that the local and relevant agencies can reference. Both in urban planning, Community and social development Management of conservation and restoration of Pathum Thani city. as well as preliminary risk assessments of cultural heritage sites. Primary suggestions for conservation Guidelines for the application of architectural science in the study of Thung Luang Rangsit history.

3.1 Scope of study

A tangible cultural legacy includes historical, cultural, and artistic artifacts. Buildings are often the most visible and enduring symbols of a community's past and culture. Here are some tangible cultural heritage buildings. Faith: Temples have cultural and historical importance. They may have unique architecture, religious artwork, and artifacts that reflect the society that built them.

3.2 Area boundary

Thung Luang Rangsit area Pathum Thani Province, Thailand, which has four districts consisting of Khlong Luang District, Nong Suea District, Thanyaburi District, and Lam Luk Ka District. A huge field. Between the Chao Phraya and Bang Pakong rivers. Saraburi connects to Nakhon Nayok in the east and Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya in the north. Bangkok borders the south. The west borders Nonthaburi Province (Figure 1) Mon, Thai, Chinese, Laos, and Malay Muslims moved there after digging the canal. Rice, rivers, and multiculturalism abound.

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Figure 1. Thung Luang Rangsit Cultural Area, Pathum Thani Province

The research of historical archives has revealed that Thung Luang Rangsit cultural heritage survey findings in Pathum Thani Province's Khlong Luang, Lam Luk Ka, Nong Suea, and Thanyaburi districts. This research examined the tourist map of Thung Luang Rangsit's ancient temples, many of which are over a century old. Pathum Thani Province The details are as follows.

The study and survey about Thung Luang Rangsit’s cultural heritage found that the Thung Luang Rangsit area of Pathum Thani Province has various cultural resources. Since the reign of King Rama V, a canal has become the subject of digging. Consists of Thung Luang Rangsit and Thung Luang Saen Saeb, causing the Thung Luang Rangsit area to create a variety of cultures, including ethnicities, rivers, rice, and religious places as follows: (Figure 2).

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Figure 2. Map showing Thung Luang Rangsit Cultural Heritage Pathumthani Province

Places of worship in Khlong Luang, Thanyaburi, Nong Suea, and Lam Luk Ka, all of which are in Pathum Thani Province. Spiritual and religious sites serve as symbols of the coexistence of many faiths and beliefs. In the same context linked together as multicultural, including temples, churches, mosques, and shrines. Fourteen temples (from an analysis of 45 temples) [8], one church, one mosque, and eight shrines have architectural features that are over 100 years old and still exist today. (Figure 3).

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Figure 3. Religious sites in Thung Luang Rangsit area, Pathum Thani Province

Table 1. Old temple architecture, 100 years old or older in Thung Luang Rangsit, Pathum Thani Province

The Table 1 collects data on temple architecture aged over 100 years in Thung Luang Rangsit. Pathum Thani Province above the research team visited the area to explore the old temple architecture that still exists today. To assess the value of potential development as follows:

Table 2. Old temple type architecture in the Thung Luang Rangsit Cultural Heritage Area

From the Table 2, the research team has taken 14 temples with old architecture that still exist today to make a cultural heritage tourism map of temple architecture. (Figure 4). Because the size and shape of a building are independent of the distance to the point of view, the research team in Thung Luang Rangsit Pathum Thani Province has chosen techniques and methods to display landmarks and points of interest using multiple perspectives to present information. These include an orthographic view of the ground plane area and three-dimensional (Oblique and perspective projections) of buildings. Also, perceive the building's distinctive features stand out. This map is preferable to one that does not display any buildings or shows their exteriors. The latter needs to convey vital information about the surrounding area, making it more challenging for map users to learn and retain relevant landmarks. Some maps, for instance, make do with sparse picture data.

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Figure 4. A map showing the location of temples that are 100 years old or older. 14 temples

Physical and cultural heritage survey results of Thung Luang Rangsit Cultural Heritage Area Pathum Thani old city found that its historical importance and natural value resulted in the development of the management of the original landscape to make proper use of the land. In addition, the researcher considered the temple's historical and cultural significance. Before preparing an itinerary, some temples may have religious or spiritual significance for the community [9]. Incorporating these temples into the cultural map may necessitate consideration and consultation with the local community and gathering information by sketching a recording line such as Klachaum temple. (Figure 5), Khienkhate temple (Figure 6), Don Yai temple (Figure 7), Chaeng Lam Hin temple (Figure 8), Hatthasarn Kaset temple (Figure 9), Khlong Chan temple (Figure 10), Muljindaram Temple (Figure 11) and Phoi Fon temple (Figure 12) The potential of ecosystems and other natural resources demonstrates this. It shows the way of life, residence, and important economics of Pathum Thani from the past to the present. The cultural heritage of temple architecture is considered a city that connects places, activities, and history [10]. It can be observed from the community's way of life that it still has religious beliefs and different practices. The region's many different populations live together in shared settlements. In a multiethnic society, people of different backgrounds can use the space and "live together" without communicating. The Burra Charter's valuation methodology found that the cultural heritage area Thung Luang Rangsit Cultural Heritage Area Pathum Thani has three resource potentials: 1) architectural tourism potential, 2) historical tourism potential, and 3) cultural and lifestyle tourism potential.

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Figure 5. Line drawings from architectural surveys Klachaum temple Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani Province

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Figure 6. Line drawings from architectural surveys Khienkhate temple, Lam Luk Ka District, Pathum Thani Province

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Figure 7. Line drawings from architectural surveys Don Yai temple, Lam Luk Ka District, Pathum Thani Province

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Figure 8. Line drawings from architectural surveys Chaeng Lam Hin temple, Lam Luk Ka District, Pathum Thani Province

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Figure 9. Line drawings from architectural surveys Hatthasarn Kaset temple, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani Province

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Figure 10. Line drawings from architectural surveys Khlong Chan temple, Thanyaburi District, Pathum Thani Province

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Figure 11. Line drawings from architectural surveys Muljindaram Temple, Thanyaburi District, Pathum Thani Province

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Figure 12. Line drawings from architectural surveys Phoi Fon temple, Nong Suar District, Pathum Thani Province