OPEN ACCESS
Contemporary architectural design of ecological buildings is characterized by two different trends. The first trend is the search for traditional solutions that could be modified to address contemporary problems in proper functioning of buildings. The second is focused on recent technological developments in the field of energy optimization and renewable resources. Most researchers in this area focus on single-family houses, and there are very few thorough studies on hotels. The main objective of this paper is to find out which of the aforementioned trends is optimal for both new and renovated Polish hotels. The solutions discussed in this paper are focused on the specifics of Polish climate. This article also examines the traditional and contemporary solutions in Polish hotels and compares them with international best practices. As indicated in the title, the primary focus of this paper is on simple, natural solutions. These solutions have been neglected by contemporary Polish architects because they take longer to build and have a low rate of return on investment. Moreover, with the growing fascination with technological novelties, investors have become reluctant to use traditional construction techniques.
ecological hotel, ecological solutions, environmental-friendly policies
[1] Kozak, B., Kształtowanie architektury proekologicznej. Rozwiązania proekologiczne a architektura budynku. Habitaty pro-eko-logiczne, ed. Z. Bać, Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej: Wrocław, pp. 128–132, 2010.
[2] Starowiejska, I. & Fundacja Partnerstwo dla Srodowiska (eds), Czysta Turystyka czyli odpowiedź na potrzeby współczesnego turysty, Fundacja Partnerstwo dla Srodowiska: Kraków, 2011, p. 3.
[3] Trocka-Leszczyńska, E. & Jablonska, J., Can a hotel be ecological? Eco-architecture IV. Harmonisation Between Architecture and Nature, ed. C.A. Brebbia, WIT Press: Southampton, Boston, pp. 115–125, 2012. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/arc120111
[4] Gwóźdź, E., Ekologia w architekturze i budynki zielone. Świat Architektury, 6(13), pp. 40–41, 56–57, 75–87, 68–69, 98–100, 2012.
[5] Zielonko-Jung, K. & Marchwiński, J., Łączenie zaawansowanych i tradycyjnych technologii w architekturze proekologicznej, ed. O. Wydawnicza, Politechniki Warszawskiej: Warszawa, 2012, pp. 7, 40, 72–74.
[6] Trocka-Leszczyńska, E., Regional architecture – passive cooling systems. Passive cooling of buildings. International symposium. The Central Institution for Energy Efficiency Education (CIENE), Athens, Greece, pp. 295–302, 19–20 June 1999.
[7] Zaniewska, H. & Barek, R., Proekologiczne budownictwo mieszkaniowe – filozofia czy rzeczywistość. Habitaty pro-eko-logiczne, ed. Z. Bać, Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej: Wrocław, 2010, pp. 23–29.
[8] Hart, S., EcoArchitecture: the Work of Ken Yeang, ed. D. Littlefield, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, pp. 22, 30, 46–49, 104–109, 2011.
[9] Massó, P. (ed.), Cool Hotels. Ecological, teNeues Publishing Group: Kempen, 2007.
[10] http://www.imgw.pl/wl/internet/zz/klimat/0701_bodzce.html (accessed 3 December 2012)
[11] Krause, M., Termoregulacja organizmu człowieka i obciążenie termiczne,Nauka o pracy – bezpieczeństwo, higiena, ergonomia, CIOP, available at http://ergonomia.ioz.pwr.wroc.pl/ download/termoregulacja-teoria.pdf (accessed 03 December 2012), pp. 1–2.
[12] Pawlonka, A. & Trocka-Leszczyńska, E., Economical aspects of thermal renovation of existing housing in Poland, CIB W70 Tokyo Symposium on Strategies and Technologies for Maintenance and Modernisation of Buildings, Vol. 2, Japan, pp. 971–978, 1994.
[13] Gaczoł, T., Wentylacja naturalna systemy nawiewu. Czasopismo Techniczne, 4-A, pp. 65–70, 2007.
[14] Rozporządzenie Ministra Infrastruktury w sprawie warunków technicznych, jakim powinny odpowiadać budynki i ich usytuowanie z dnia 12 kwietnia 2002 r (Official Journal No. 75, item 690), as amended.
[15] Huld, T., Pinedo-Pascua, I. & CMS SAF, Map of Photovoltaic Solar Electricity Potential in European Countries, European Union 2012, available at http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvgis (accessed 30 December 2012).
[16] Kirby, M., History and Use of Windcatchers in Traditional Middle Eastern Architecture, 2011, available at http://voices.yahoo.com/history-windcatchers-traditional-middle-8374397.html (accessed 22 November 2012).
[17] A’zami, A., Badgir in traditional Iranian architecture, International Conference on “Passive and Low Energy Cooling 1021 for the Built Environment”, May 2005, Santorini, Greece, pp. 1021–1026, available at http://www.inive.org/members_area/medias/pdf/ Inive%5Cpalenc%5C2005%5CAzami2.pdf (accessed 27 December 2012).
[18] Elgendy, K., A Damascus school revives traditional cooling techniques, Carboun. Middle East Sustainable Cities, available at http://goumbook.com/a-damascus-school-revives-traditionalcooling-techniques/ (accessed 19 October 2012).
[19] http://archrecord.construction.com/features/aiaawards/09goldmedal/1.asp (accessed 19 October 2012).
[20] Becker, L., Force of nature, “Repeat” 2004–2006, available at http://www.lynnbecker.com/ repeat/murcutt/murcutt.htm (accessed 19 October 2012).
[21] http://www.architecture.com.au/emailnews/national/Heritage/NSW-Simpson-Lee-House-II. pdf (accessed 19 October 2012).
[22] Craven, J., The Magney House by Glenn Murcutt, About.com, available at http://architecture. about.com/od/houses/ss/magneyhouse.htm (available at 19 October 2012).
[23] Craven, J., The Marika-Alderton House by Glenn Murcutt, About.com, available at http://architecture.about.com/od/houses/ss/marikaalderton.htm (accessed 19 October 2012).
[24] http://wiki.naturalfrequency.com/wiki/Air_Movement (accessed 19 October 2012).
[25] Jabłońska, J., Łatak, K. & Lewicki, P., CorteVerona. Wywiad z Kazimierzem Łatakiem i Piotrem Lewickim z Biura Projektów Lewicki Łatak z Krakowa. Świat architektury, 3, pp. 44–48, 2010.
[26] Pawlonka, A. & Trocka-Leszczyńska, E., New structural solutions for outside walls in the aspect of energy-saving and improvement of thermal comfort in flats, Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Healthy buildings ‘94, Technical University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary, 1994, pp. 375–380.
[27] Trocka-Leszczyńska, E., Modernization of existing buildings reduction of heat loss and energy consumption. Acta Academiae Polytechnicae “Pollack Mihaly”< Pecs”, 1990, pp. 200–203.