A Constructive Approach To Multicriteria Decision Making
Une Approche Constructive de la Décision Multicritère
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After a general introduction on multicriteria decision aid,we briefly present the two main approaches (outranking methods,multi-attribute utility).Then we focus on the multi-attribute utility framework,which we build in a new perspective,based on the MACBETH methodology and the notion of capacity.We show that the Choquet integral appears as a natural tool for aggregating criteria,and we study several types of capacities which are useful in practice (k-additive capacities,p-symmetric capacities).We end the paper by introducing bipolar models.
Résumé
Après une introduction générale à la problématique de la décision multicritère,nous présentons brièvement les deux approches principales (méthodes de surclassement,et approche de l'utilité multi-attributs). Nous nous focalisons ensuite sur l'approche de l'utilité multi-attributs,que nous essayons de construire dans une perspective nouvelle,basée sur la méthodologie MACBETH et la notion de capacité. Nous montrons qu'alors l'intégrale de Choquet apparaît comme un outil naturel pour l'agrégation des critères,et nous étudions différents types de capacités utiles en pratique (capacités k-additives,p-symétriques). Dans une dernière section,nous abordons les modèles bipolaires.
Multicriteria decision aid,capacity,Choquet integral,bipolar scale.
Mots clés
Décision multicritère,capacité,intégrale de Choquet,échelle bipolaire.
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